Three Layers of Shade: Building, Pergola, Tree

A courtyard's shading arrangement. The outermost layer is the fixed shadow cast by the four surrounding buildings and arcades; the middle layer is a semi-outdoor area covered by grapevines or wooden trellises, allowing sunlight in during winter when leaves fall; the innermost layer consists of a few trees with spreading canopies. Each of the three layers provides shade for a part of the day. Avoid: relying on only one method of shading, using dense evergreen trellises that block winter sun, planting trees too densely causing stagnant ventilation, replacing architectural shading with fabric sun sails.

Translated from Chinese by AI.

一個庭院的遮蔭配置。最外層是四面建築與迴廊投下的固定陰影;中間是葡萄藤或木格棚架覆蓋的半戶外區,冬天落葉讓陽光進來;最裡層是幾棵樹冠開展的樹。三層各遮一部分時間。避免:只靠一種方式遮蔭、使用常綠的密實棚架讓冬天也照不到太陽、把樹種得太密讓通風停滯、用布質遮陽帆取代建築的遮蔭。