Column Capitals: The Choice Between Ionic and Corinthian

A set of recognizable Neoclassical capitals. Ionic capitals have a downward-scrolling volute on each side with a bead-and-reel molding in between; Corinthian capitals feature two layers of outward-spreading acanthus leaves plus small scrolls at the four corners; Doric capitals are the simplest, with only a square abacus and a circular echinus. Only one order of columns is used in a single room, repeated on all pilasters. The material is white stucco or plaster. Avoid: mixing multiple column orders in the same space, simplifying capitals into a square slab, using self-invented decorative forms, or having capital proportions that do not conform to classical norms.

Translated from Chinese by AI.

一組可辨認的新古典柱頭。愛奧尼式是兩側各一個向下捲的渦卷,中間有一道珠飾;科林斯式是兩層向外展開的莨苕葉加上四角的小捲;多立克式最簡單,只有一塊方形頂板與一圈圓弧。同一個房間只用一種柱式,重複出現在所有的壁柱上。材質是白色的灰泥或石膏。避免:在同一空間混用多種柱式、把柱頭簡化成一塊方板、使用自創的裝飾造型、讓柱頭的比例不符合古典規範。